You already know how to divide with remainders, and you can picture multiplication with arrays. Short division (the bus-stop method) uses both those skills. So far the divisor has been a single digit. Now you will divide by a two-digit number instead, using the exact same steps.
Work out 3,648 ÷ 16. The first digit, 3, is too small to divide by 16, so take the first two digits together: 36. 36 ÷ 16 = 2 remainder 4. Carry the remainder to make 44. 44 ÷ 16 = 2 remainder 12. Carry the remainder to make 128. 128 ÷ 16 = 8 remainder 0. Read the answer across the top: 228.
Short division is fastest when you know the multiples of the divisor well, like 11, 12, or 15. When the divisor is an unfamiliar number, such as 47 or 89, long division can help because you write out each multiplication step instead of holding it in your head.
A remainder does not always mean 'stop'. A tailor has 3,650 cm of fabric and cuts pieces that are 16 cm long. Short division gives 228 remainder 2, so that's 228 whole pieces with 2 cm left over. As a fraction of one piece, that leftover is 2/16, which simplifies to 1/8.
Short division works one digit at a time even with a two-digit divisor, and a remainder can turn into a fraction or decimal once you know what it is measuring.
In short division, the first digit of the number you're dividing is smaller than the divisor. What do you do?